As a child I wanted swordfish and artichokes for my birthday dinner. I can’t imagine what came over me to ask for swordfish, but I still crave artichokes every spring the way my mother fixed them: steamed whole, upside down. Perhaps I loved them because they were expensive and made their appearance in northern New England groceries so briefly. Perhaps I loved that they came all the way from California.
More likely it was the pool of lemony butter and the messy business of taking the flower apart, leaf by leaf, dipping the soft ends into the butter, scraping them with my teeth, and then tossing them into a big bowl in the center of the table. It wasn’t often we got to throw food around as part of dinner. And then there was the fun of uncovering the heart hiding beneath the fuzzy choke. I would let it swim about in the butter and then cut it into bits to make it last.
Back then I didn’t know that some people had never seen one. My husband saw his first artichoke when he came east for college. My sister-in-law from the Northeast Kingdom first encountered them at our table when my brother brought her home to meet us. Embarrassed and clueless about what to do with the giant bud on her plate, she watched and imitated, peeling off a leaf and popping it in her mouth. What she didn’t know is that you don’t eat the toughest outer leaves, nor do you bite off the ends and chew them.
When I lived in California, I saw them growing in vast fields stretching across a hot flat valley, tall bushy plants with huge serrated leaves, each with a dozen or more artichokes at the tips of long branches. In the stores they were as big as small cabbages. In France and Italy, I discovered a whole range of sizes and varieties — some tiny and purple, some with long, tapering leaves, others squat round balls. And I found out that there are many, many more ways to prepare them than steaming them whole.
Nowadays they appear in Vermont markets from March until November, but it seems strange to buy artichokes in September, as it does apples in May or oranges in August. It is even stranger, perhaps, to harvest them in late summer right from my own Weybridge garden. Ever since I stumbled upon artichoke seedlings at Golden Russet a couple of springs ago, I’ve placed a couple in the center of my garden’s sunniest raised bed, given them plenty of room, and watched them grow.
The first year I didn’t eat a single one. Instead I watched and photographed: who knew that the bud would eventually crack open to reveal an enormous fuzzy purple flower? Only then did I understand that artichokes are giant thistles not so different-except for the lack of nasty thorns — from those that snag my clothes in scrubby parts of our land. Once I made that connection to a native species, I felt OK about growing what was once a rare treat from far away. My whole notion of local opened up with those flowers.
Last year I harvested the whole crop and learned that as with corn, nothing compares to getting them into the cooking pot a minute after harvest. OK, so Vermont is not the new California. They’re not likely to winter over and produce twenty buds apiece year after year. But what a wonder to bring the Mediterranean into my garden, to learn about the world through growing and preparing food. I’ve been reading about artichokes’ Moroccan origins and role in world cuisine. I’ve experimented with recipes, from shaved raw salads to braised whole artichokes with preserved lemons. I’ve even thought about trying to winter one over by growing it in a pot to haul in come fall the way I do with rosemary and figs.
This February I started a dozen artichokes from seed under the basement grow lights. Last week they went into their sunny garden homes near the eggplants and basil, which won’t mind a little shade. As they take 95 days to reach maturity, I’ll be lowering the first ones into the sauté pan round about mid-July. Until then, I’ll gladly head to town in search of those plump buds that herald the arrival of spring as surely as a red-winged blackbird trilling by the pond.
Growing Tips
It’s too late to start artichokes from seed, but you can still buy seedlings at area greenhouses.
Artichokes like sun, consistent moisture and well-drained, rich soil with a pH level between 6.5 and 7 (a soil test kit will tell you how to adjust the level). Add some compost to the soil, plant them 2–3 feet apart and they’ll thank you for it. Don’t worry about cool nights — they need several nights below 50 degrees to produce buds. They can droop after long dry spells but perk right up with a good watering.
Artichoke Recipes
Note: If buying, look for tightly closed buds with firm stems.
Boiled/Steamed Whole Artichokes
Make One per person
Trim the sharp edges of the leaves and the end of the stem; peel the stem. Cook in salted, boiling water until tender, or in a steamer above boiling water about 30–50 minutes depending on size and freshness. Test for doneness by pulling on a leaf — if it doesn’t come out easily, it’s not ready. You can also test it by piercing the stem with a knife.
Serve with a small bowl of melted butter mixed with a squeeze of fresh lemon juice or your favorite vinaigrette.
Raw Artichoke and Parmesan Salad
Serves six
Baby artichokes — the secondary, smaller buds growing on lower stems — in mid-summer make a delicious Roman salad.
Ingredients
– 6 small globe or 12 baby artichokes
– 1/4 pound chunk of Parmigiano-Reggiano, shaved into thin ribbons (you can use a vegetable peeler)
– 1/4 cup olive oil
– three lemons (one juiced, one cut in half, one zested and then juiced)
– sea salt and freshly ground pepper
– 1- 2 tsp minced shallot (optional)
Squeeze one lemon into enough cool water to cover sliced artichokes. Remove tough outer leaves, cut off the sharp tops and stems; peel the stems. Cut small ones half and larger artichokes in quarters; with a knife remove the fuzzy choke; rub the cut sides with a lemon half. Slice as thinly as possible into shreds and plunge into the lemon water.
When ready to serve, mix together the juice of a lemon, olive oil and shallot with salt and pepper to taste. Drain the artichoke shreds and pat dry; toss with the dressing. Arrange on a serving plate, top with the parmesan and zest. Serve chilled or at room temperature.
For more information on artichokes, including links to videos on cooking artichokes, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artichoke.