Americans are up in arms because while Shanghai, China, achieved first place across the board on the 2010 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), U.S. high school students tested 31st out of 65 economic regions in mathematics, 23rd in science, and 17th in reading. President Obama referred to the issue as “our generation’s Sputnik moment” and U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan labeled it “an absolute wake up call for America.”